Engine.



No. 648,7l9. I Patented May I, i900.

J. C. ANDERSON.

. ENGINE.

(Application filed Nov. 28, 1899.)

8 Sheets-Sheet ggn (No Model.)

/N VENTOR A 770/?NEYS WITNESSES Patented May I, I900.

J. C. ANDERSON. ENGINE.

[Application filed Nov. 28, 1899.)

8 Shanty-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

I l l 1 Ill.

WITNESSES //v VENTOR hate/M00 Patented May 1, I900. J. C. ANDERSON.

ENGINE.

(Application filed Nov. 28,4899.)

8 Sheets-Shea} 4.

No. 648,7I9.

(NoModaL) WITNESSES Patented May I, I900. J. C. ANDERSflN.

E N G l N E.

(Application filed Nov. 28, 1899.)

8 Sheets Sheet 5.

(No Model.)

WITNESSES: I

N0. 648',7|9. Patented May i, I900. J. C. ANDERSON.

ENGINE.

(Application filed Nov. 28, 1899.) (No Model.) 8 Sheets--Sheet 6.

Patented May I, I900. J. C. ANDERSON.

E N G l N E.

(Application filed Nov. 28, 1899.)

8 Sheets'$heet 8.

(No Model.)

//V gW/// WITNESSES IN VE/VTOF? mg? 6&4 d.4@-f@ I ATTORNEY of October,1899, Serial No. 733,189.

fully set forth.

Nrrnn STATES FFICE@ ENG iNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 648,719, dated. May 1,1900.

Application filed November 28,1899. Serial No. 738,613. (No model.) i

To all whom it nz/ayconccrn:

Be it known that 1, JAMES C. ANDERSON, a citizen of the United'States,residing at Highland Park, in the county of Lake and State of Illinois,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engines; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention,'such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains. to make and use the same.

Myinvention relates to certain newand useful improvements in engines,andconstitutes a modification in construction of that type of enginesillustrated and described in another application (Case A) filed by me onthe 10th day In the application referred to I have shown and described acylindrical piston having a reciproeating and oscillating movementavitha radial arm extending from its periphery in such a manner that theresolution of the reciprocating and oscillating movements of the pistonwill cause the radial arm at its juncture with the piston to traverse acircle the diameter of which is equal to the distance the piston movesin either its reciprocating or oscillating movement, which two movementsare secured through the medium of steam delivered alternately at eachend of the piston and also alternately on each side of a radial wingextending from the periphery of the piston and diametrically opposite tothe radial arm referred to, whereby rotary motion may be co mmunicatedto the driving-shaft without having to overcome dead-centers by theemployment of a liy-wheel. My present invention involves the samegeneric principle of delivering power and motion to the driving-shaftand utilizing the entire force of the motive agent, which may be steam,compressed air, or any equivalent body; but to avoid any confusion ofterms I will describe my improved engine as adapted for use with steamat full boiler-pressure.

My invention consists in the construction, combination, and arrangementhereinafter In order that those skilled in the art to which my inventionappertains may know how to make and use the same, I will proceed todescribe the construction and operatilm, referring by letters andnumerals to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is aperspective view of one of my improved engines. section on the line 000c of Fig. 1 and showing the driving-piston at rest or at an imaginarystarting-point. Fig. 3 is a central horizontal section on the line y yof Fig. 1 with the parts in the same relation. Fig. 4 is a section similar to Fig. 2, but showing the pistons and ports in the position andrelation occupied when the driving-piston has made one-fourth of bothits reciprocating and its rotativc or oscillating movement. Fig. 5 is asection on the same line as Fig. 3, but with the ports in the relationdescribed With reference to Fig.- 4:. Fig. 6 is a central section on thesame line of Fig. 2, but showing the pistons and ports in the positionand relation occupied when the driv ing'piston has made one-half of acomplete stroke. Fig. 7 is a section on the same line as Fig. 3, butwith .the parts in .the relation shown in Fig. 6; and Fig. 8 is avertical section taken at the line 2 z of Fig. 5 looking in thedirection of the arrow.

Similar letters an numerals of reference denote like parts in theseveral figures of the drawings.

A is the bed of the engine' 13 is the cylinder of what I denominate asFig. 2 is a vertical central 5 5 the driving-piston, and B is thecylinder of the auxiliary piston. The two cylinders are forthe purposeof avoiding confusion of lines in the drawings shown as cast integralwith each other and the bed-plate; butit will be understood that theymay be cast in sections and subsequently joined in any manner well knownto founders and machinists.

0 represents the heads of cylinder 1- secured to the flange ofthe'latter by bolts D, and 0 represents the heads of the cylinder B,secured to the flanges of said cylinder by bolts D.

E is the driving-piston, located within the cylinder B, and E is theauxiliary piston, located within the cylinder 13". Both pistons areformed with closed heads, as shown, and the driving-piston E is formedwith two diametric interior nipples or reinforces F F, the former toreceive ascrcw-threaded radial driving-arm G, held against axialrotation iary piston is formed with an interior nipple or reinforce I,adapted to receive a connecting radial arm I, the radial arms II and Ibeing connected in any suitable manner by a separable universalcompensatingjoint J J.

Transverse to the reinforce-nipples each piston is formedwithdiametrically-arranged longitudinal steam-passages closed at theirinterior ends and leading out at the opposite heads of the pistons, asclearly shown.

' As will be seen by reference to the drawings, the driving-piston E andits" cylinder B are arranged vertically upon the bed A, and theauxiliary piston E and its cylinder 15 are arranged horizontally and atright angles to the driving-cylinder and its piston and a suitabledistance therefrom to constitutea well or space L for the movement ofthe connecting-arms H and 1. One or more sides of this well are open toafford access to the arms ii I and their compensating joint and areclosed by plates L, secured in an 0bvious manner by screw-bolts M. Thedriving-piston cylinder B is formed with a circular well M, which isclosed by a cap N, sccured in place by screw-bolts N. This cap is formedwith journal-boxes O, in which is supported the driving-shaft 0',connected with the radial arm G of the driving-piston through the mediumof a crank P and universal compensating joint P or in any other suitablemanner to convert. the compound curvilinear or undulating curved motionof the arm G into the rotary motion of the driving-shaft O, as fully setforth in the pending application hereinbefore referred. to. The

well M thus closed constitutes not only a space within which the arm Gand crank may move, but also a receptacle for the Inbricant used inconnection therewith. The driving-shaft may be provided with suitablecollars each side of the boxes 0 to secure it against longitudinalmovemen t, and anysuitable packing or stuffing box may also be used.

Thecylinder or casing B is formed'with longitudinal steam-passages Q Qand R R diametrically opposite to each, respectively, and with ports S Sand T T, which alternately communicate with the longitudinalsteam-passages K and K, respectively, of the cylindrical piston E, asbest shown at Figs. 3, 5, and 7. The portsS S and T T are equal inlength to the extreme reciprocating movement of the piston E, so that.live steam is supplied at the head of the piston until the moment'whenthe said piston is oscillated, as presently described, upon an imaginarylongitudinal axis, whereupon the steam is cut off, and after theoscillation has been completed the steam is admitted to the longitudinalsteam-passage on the opposite'sideof the piston, and consequently as itenters between the opposite end of the piston and head of the cylinderthe former is reciprocated in tin reverse direction.

The longitudinal steam-passages Q Q R R are separated by a longitudinalwall o partition, as clearly shown at Figs. 3, 5, and 7 and 2, 4, and 6,and the cylindrical wall 01 the casing between such passages extendseither side of said partition, as clearly shown, to constitute anefficient cut-01f between said two passages. The steam-passages R and Rin the piston-casing B communicate with inlet and outlet passages U andU of a radial extension V, formed with a vertical valveseat, in which islocated a valve V, with four way steam-passages W and W and X and X. Thetwo former are parallel with each other and communicate directly withthe in let'U and outlet U, respectively, and the latter X and X may beturned so that X will establish communication between the inlet,

[land the passage R and conduct live steam thereto, while X willestablish communication between the passage R and the outlet U, andconsequently the passages R and B may be employed either to conduct livesteam or to exhaust the dead steam, and in this way the engine may bereadily reversed.

In normal condition, as shown at Fig. 3, the valve is arranged with thepassages W and V in alineinent with the inlet U and' outlet U,respectively, as shown.

In describing the steam-passages and the movements of the two pistons Eand E relatively to, each other especial reference is made to the factthat in the drawings the changes in relation are shown in Figs. 2, 3,4,5, 6, and 7, Figs. 2 and 3 representing one relation of the parts,Figs. 4 and 5 another, and Figs. 6 and '7 still another. Assuming theengine to be in a state of rest, as shown at Figs. 2 and 3, with theinlet U and outlet U registering, respectively, with the passages W andW of the valve V and with the passages R and R, the passages K and K areclosed by the wall of the casing B and the ports S S and T T are alsoclosed, and the piston E is represented as having reached the position.shown at Fig. 2, the auxilliary piston E having reached the positionshown at Fig. 3, with the ports 1 2 of the cylinder 13 registering withthe longitudinal passages 33 4. on opposite sides oli the, cylinder.Steam being admitted through the inlet U passes through the passagew ofthe valve to the IIO passage R otthe cylinder B, thence upwardly througha into the communicating channel in a semicircumfereutial enlargement b,thence around to the opposite side of the cylinder, and down a verticalpassage similar to a. The live steam also traverses through a channel orduct in a bridge 0 to a channel in the longitudinal enlargements d anddirect through the port 1 to the longitudinal channel 3 in the side ofthe piston E and out said channel and between the head of the piston andthe head of the cylinder B, driving the piston in the direction shown bythe arrow in Fig. 2 at the same time the live steam passes along d tothe channel in the semieirc um ferential enlargement e to the duct inthe longitudinal enlargement f opposite to (Z. .lefore further tracingthe traverse of the steam and the way in which it is exhausted it iswell to state at this point that both cylinders are alike in thearrangement of the longitudinal and circumferential enlargements and thesteam passages or ducts therein, and, as will be seen byreferenee to thedotted lines in Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, G, and 7, a wall 9 divides orseparates the space or duct in each of the longitudinal enlargementsinto two compartments,so that they may com municate alternately throughthe ports (also shown in dotted lines) with the longitudinal steam;passages formed inthe sides of the respective pistons-viz., K and K inthe piston E and 3 and din the auxiliary piston Ethe ends andlongitudinal connecting portions of the wall g separating the ports inthe steam-passages in the longitudinal extensions. I will now resume thetraverse of the steam and the movement of the engine. When the steam atthe head of the auxiliary piston E causes the same to move in itslongitudinal diree-. tion, the connection between the periphery of saidpiston and the driving-piston (eonsist-ing of the arms H I and jointJ J)causes the driving-piston E to begin its rotation on its imaginarylongitudinal axis, bringing the longitudinal steam-channel K graduallyinto register with the port R, thus admitting steam between the lowerhead of the piston and the head of the cylinder, thus starting saidpiston in the upward movement of its stroke, which continues until thelimit of such movement is reached, and at the same time the auxiliarypiston has traveled to the end of the movement started by the admissionof steam' through the port 1 to the passage 3, as already described, andthrough the connection between the peripheries of the piston it has beenoscillated or rotated u'pon itsimaginary axis, thus closing the port 1and shutting off the steam from the longitudinal passage 3, and at thesame time opening the communication between the port 5 and thelongitudinal passage a on the-opposite side of the piston. This actiondelivers steam in an obvious manner to the opposite head of the pistonand causes it to reciprocate or travel in the opposite direction. Itwill be seen that under the relations 01; the pistons and their relativemovements when one piston has completed a full stroke the other has madeonly a half-stroke, and vice versa, so that the ra dially-extended armsHand 1', connected by a universal compensating joint, produced therotative or oscillating motion of each piston to'open and close therespective ports at-the proper time, and as these movements are gradualand the movements of the respective pistons in their longitudinalreciprocations are such as de cribed it will be appar nt that eitherdirection, thus securing an even and noiseless action and preventing thewear and disarrangement of parts which would ensue if such momentumshocks occurred.

Thus far I have described the course and action of the steam in givingthe necessary movements to the piston, and I will now'describe thecourse of the exhaust or deadsteam alternately at each end of therespective cylinders.

When the auxiliary piston E has reached the limit of the movement in thedirection given it by admitting steam to the head of the piston throughthe port 1, as described, and said piston has been'oscillated throughits radial connection with the driving-piston E, the port 1 is closed bythe face-or periphery of the piston and the steam-channel 3 is broughtinto register with the port '6 of the steam-duct of the longitudinalenlargement d on the cyl-' inderB, and at the same time thesteam-channel 4 on the opposite side of the piston has been brought intoregister with the port 5, as already explained, and as the port 5 opensinto the channel in the longitudinal enlargemeet 02 on the opposite sideof the wall 9 it becomes the live-port through which steam is admittedfrom the passage in the longitudinal enlargement f and thence to theopposite head of the cylinder, and the dead steam is exhausted throughthe port 6 into the channel in the enlargement (Z, thence down a channelin a semicircumferential enlargement h, similar to e, to a duet in abridge '2', connecting it with the semicylindrical enlargementj on thecylinder B, and thence to a longitudinal passage Q in an enlargement 7ropposite to the enlargement aand eommunicatingw'ith the exhaust-port S,thence through the channel in the semicircum ferential enlargem entj tothe passage R and through the outlet U, as indicated by the arrows inFig. 1.

It will be understood from what has been said that both pistons areoperated in pre cisely the same manner by the motive force and that,each being dependen t upon the other for rotative action, there isabsolute synchronism in this respect-4n other words, rotative motion isgiven to one piston by the reciprocation of the other, and viceversa-and that, while the path described by the connecting-joint J J ina plane vertical between the peripheries of the two pistons is that of acircle, the transverse path of travel is sinuous or undulatory, owing tothe fact that the ends of thearms it and l at their points of fixedrelation with the respective pistons are constantly varying bothhorizontally and vertically-from the absolute central plane in bothdirections between the two pistons. It will be understood that thedriving-piston E is positively recipro'cated by the direct action of thesteam alternately upon its two ends at full boiler-pressure and that therotative action of said cylinder. is secured through the piston'E, thelive steam traversing both cylinders and exhausting at a single exhaust.

'point. The engine may be reversed by simply conducting the steam in areverse direction to that described.

On the piston E, diametrically opposite to the connecting-arm H, theradial arm G connects, through the medium of a compensating joint, withthe driving-shaft, as already described, and-positive rotary motion isim-' parted to said shaft in the manner fully described in my pendingapplication hereinbe fore referred to.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

An engine consisting of cylinders arranged transversely to each otherupon a suitable bed and connected peripherally by a hollow connection,pistons arranged within the respective cylinders and adapted toreciprocatin g and rotative movement, and connected peripherally byrigid arms and a universal compensating joint, and arranged relativelyto each other as described, whereby when the main or driving piston hasmade a half or full stroke, the auiriliary piston will have made aquarter or half. stroke respectively, thus avoiding dead-centers andpermitting the engine to be started or stopped at any point, substan-'tially as hercinbefore set forth.

2. In an engine, a pairof cylinders mounted transversely to each otherupon a bed, each provided with a cylindrical piston adapted toreciprocate and oscillate upon an imaginary longitudinal axis, and withtheir adjacent peripheries connected by rigid arms and a universalcompensating joint, one of said pistons provided with adiametrically-arranged peripheral shaft adapted to be connected with arotary driving-shaft, and suitable passages and ports for the admissionand exhaust of the motive agent, alternately at each end of therespective pistons, whereby the reciprocating and rotativc movement ofeach piston is controlled by the other and both cooperate in deliveringpower and motion to the driving-shaft, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

3. An engine for transmitting reciprocating power and motion direct intorotary, consisting of two reciprocating pistons E and E mountedtransversely to each other within suitable cylinders and provided attheir pcriph'eral centers with projecting rigid arms .connected byball-and-socket joint whereby alternating and reciprocating motion isim' parted to the pistons for opening and closing their respective portsand transmitting four Way positive motion into rotary motion by means ofa rigid arm connected to one of the cylinders, said arm being providedwith saltable compensating connection to a drivingshaft leading from theengine, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

51. An engine for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion andtransmitting the same direct to the driving-shaft, consisting of aprimary piston E provided with radial arms G 'and H and an auxiliarypiston E provided with a radial arm I, the arms H and 1 connecting thecylinders by a ball-andsocket joint J and J, in combination with an armP and driving-shaft O, the arms G and P being provided with anintermediate compensating joint, substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

5. An engine for transmitting reciprocating and oscillatory motion intorotary motion and power consisting of two operating-pistons arrangedzwithin suitable cylinders diametric "and transverse to each other; eachof said cylinders connected at their peripheries by rigid arms securedtogether by a universal joint,

whereby the reciprocating and oscillatory motions of each of thecylinders are limited in their respective strokes andthe motiontransmitted rotarily by means of an auxiliary arm to the driving-shaft,substantially as described.

6. In an engine, the cylinders B and B mounted upon a suitable bed andtransversely to each other, with their adjacent peripheries connected bya suitable well-space L, and each provided wi h diametric longitudinalsteam-passages separated by walls 9 and provided with ports S, S, T, T,and 1,

ii, 2, 5, respectively, steam-passages leading from an inlet and exhaustto the several ports and pistonsE and E, provided with longitudinalpassages K, K, and 3, 4, respectively and having their peripheriescentrally connected through the medium of short rigid arms and auniversal compensating joint,

substantially as and f or the purpose set forth.

7. In combination with the twin cylinders and pistons constructed andarranged as described, the radial extension V, on the cylinder 15,provided with inlet and outlet passages U, U valve V with four-waysteam-passages W, \Y, X, X and means for operating the valve, wherebythe engine may be reversed, substantially as hcrcinbciore set forth. a

8. In combination with an initial rotary engine consisting of cylinder 1and piston E, having a rotative and reciprocating movement, and a radialpower-transmitting arm G and a (lianictric arm ll, 21 secondary eylinder l3 and auxiliary reciprocating and rotative piston E, having aradial arm I, said arm. I and the arm ll on the piston E, connect-cd bya universal compensatingjoint,

and suitable inlet and outlet ports, for admitting the motive agentalternately at opposite ends of the pistons whereby the reciprocation ofeach piston causes the oscillation or partial rotation of the other tocontrol the admission and exhaust of the motive agent, as and for thepurposes described.

,9. The cylinders B, B joined peripherally by the well-space L, providedwith 'removable plates L and constituting lubricatingspace for theconnections between the pistons, substantiallyas hereinbefore set forth.

10. The cylinders Band B mounted transversely and adjacent to eachother, each provided with longitudinal and circumferential passagesleading to diametric ports as described, the bridge-passages c,i,.between the cylinders and the inlet and outlet passages V, \V, and asuitable controlling-valve V, substantially as and-for the purposes setforth.

11. In combination with the cylinders and pistons arranged transverselyto each other and adapted to reciprocating and rotative movement, theperipheral connection consisting of rigid arms with their ad acent endsconnected by a universal and compensating fore set forth.

12. In combination with the primary cylinder B and auxiliary cylinder13', and driving and auxiliary pistons E and Eeonnected by the arms Hand I, the peripheral well M having a cap N provided with boxes 0 toconstitute bearings for the driving-shaft 0, substantially ashereinbefore set forth.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

. JAMES C. ANDERSON. Witnesses: J. G. Boo'rrr,

JNo. J. HARROWER.

